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''Sailing Directions'' is a 42-volume American navigation publication published by the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA). ''Sailing Directions'' consists of 37 Enroute volumes, 4 Planning Guide volumes, and 1 volume combining both types. Planning Guides describe general features of ocean basins and country-specific information such as firing areas, pilotage requirements, regulations, search and rescue information, ship reporting systems, and time zones; Enroutes describe features of coastlines, ports, and harbors. ''Sailing Directions'' are updated when new data requires extensive revision of an existing text. These data are obtained from several sources, including, but not limited to, pilots and ''Sailing Directions'' from other countries. One book comprises the ''Planning Guide and for Antarctica''. This consolidation allows for a more effective presentation of material on this unique area. ''Sailing Directions (Planning Guide)'' and ''Sailing Directions (Enroute)'' are frequently updated. In early 2005, NGA discontinued production of these publications in printed form; subsequent editions were distributed in digital form only. Between editions, Sailing Directions are corrected via a binary patch process referred to as Publication Data Update (PDU). Figure 1 shows an overview of Sailing Directions coverage. ==''Sailing Directions'' (Planning Guide)== ''Planning Guide'' volumes assist the navigator in planning an extensive oceanic voyage, as well as giving information on individual countries that is applicable to all ports in those countries. Each of the ''Planning Guides'' covers an area determined by an arbitrary division of the world's seas. Individual ''Planning Guides'' are divided into Countries and Ocean Basins, as follows: #''Pub. 120''--51 Countries and 1 Ocean Basin (Pacific Ocean). #''Pub. 140''--87 Countries and 6 Ocean Basins (Baltic Sea, Black Sea, Caribbean Sea, Mediterranean Sea, North Atlantic Ocean, and North Sea/English Channel). #''Pub. 160''--61 Countries and 3 Ocean Basins (Indian Ocean, South Atlantic Ocean, and Red Sea/Persian Gulf). #''Pub. 180''--5 Countries and 1 Ocean Basin (Arctic Ocean). Country entries may contain information on the following subjects—buoyage systems, currency, firing areas, fishing areas, government, holidays, ice, industries, languages, mined areas, navigational information (to include maritime claims, maritime boundary disputes, and enroute volumes), offshore drilling, pilotage, pollution, prohibited areas, regulations, restricted areas, search and rescue, signals, submarine operating areas, time zone, traffic separation schemes, U.S. embassy, and vessel traffic services. Information that cannot be accurately depicted within the alphabeticized country text may be listed as an appendix at the end of the dountry text. Ocean casin entries may contain information on the following subjects—climatology, currents, fishing areas, geophysical features, ice, ionospheric disturbance, magnetic field, meteorology, mined areas, navigational information, optical phenomena, pilotage, pollution, regulations, routes, seas, ship reporting systems, tides, and surface temperatures. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sailing Directions」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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